托福115分备考经验分享
托福115分学员自述, 四科考试备考经验分享了，今天小编给大家带来托福115分学员自述，希望可以帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
托福115分学员自述 四科考试备考经验分享
【听力】
听力我把官方真题Official34套题一字一句的精听了两遍。第二遍用的是1.5倍速。其实我觉得托福的听力语速真的很慢。如果听不懂原因八成都是单词不认识或者不熟。所以我有把听力中不认识的单词都记了下来然后背过。另外，听力集中精力很重要，有时候一走神出题点就过去了，这就是我自己做题的时候基本上只错细节题的原因。
【阅读】
建议大家阅读不要用纸质资料练习。因为我个人的阅读速度受阅读材料的质感、排版甚至字号的影响很大。我阅读有做笔记的习惯，在演草纸上把梗概写下来，这对于最后文章概括题帮助还是很大的。阅读我也是把官方真题Official做了两遍多，有时候甚至做第二遍比第一遍收获还大。其实托福阅读的答案都很明显，有时候有一种初中政治题的感觉。每次错题基本上都是因为不细心，尤其是最后的总结题。阅读很需要把心静下来，有时候我觉得自己浮躁就去刷套阅读，效果显著。
另外，词汇题我下了一点点功夫，我把无老师的词汇题背了下来。帮助还是挺大的，不仅是对阅读。
【口语】
口语真是我又恨又爱的一科。最后这个26分也是差强人意。独立题最重要的就是多做多积累。我把亦鸥上的144道独立题全做了，都录了音，然后把每个题的答题思路都写了下来。后来我发现我竟然还两次上了亦鸥的勤奋榜。做完这些题就游刃有余多了，见招拆招。但是我觉得最近独立题在变难，所以考试的时候表现不是那么好。
关于综合题，还是要用好官方真题Official。我把官方真题Official里所有的综合题都做了然后录了音。刷题的过程中，我会找到适合每一题的语速，调整记笔记的方法，然后锻炼用自己的话来表达的能力。所以刷题还是很必要和有效的。
【写作】
到我的写作成绩我心都碎了。一战拿到写作30的时候就害怕保持不住，结果真就退步了。不过想到自己已经做了足够的努力，也就觉得分数不那么重要。
写作其实一直是我心里最没底的一科。面对独立写作各种奇怪的题目，我经常为找不到论点和论据而犯愁。这个问题其实到了最后也没有被彻底解决。对于写作我觉得一个秘诀就是“自圆其说”。不管你说的对不对，只要你相信自己说的对，然后以一种给人洗脑的姿态把你说的话都往论点上靠就行。解决完了文章结构和内容的问题我就开始加长文章长度。一战的时候我只写了585个字，后来渐渐地我就稳定在七百字左右了。考试的时候也是七百出头。只拿了29分也不能怨天尤人，肯定是文章内容不太充实。
最后还有三点想强调：
1. 我一本单词书都没背。相比背单词，我更喜欢在学习中积累。把听力、阅读中不认识的单词都积累下来然后背过，这样记忆会更深刻持久。
2. 官方真题Official乃托福备考之魂!尤其是对于听力和阅读。非常接近真实的考试，而且可以提供足够的背景知识。
3. ipad的确是个好东西!
托福阅读真题原题+题目
Many prehistoric people subsisted as hunters and gatherers. Undoubtedly, game animals, including some very large species, provided major components of human diets. An important controversy centering on the question of human effects on prehistoric wildlife concerns the sudden disappearance of so many species of large animals at or near the end of the Pleistocene epoch. Most paleontologists suspect that abrupt changes in climate led to the mass extinctions. Others, however, have concluded that prehistoric people drove many of those species to extinction through overhunting. In their Pleistocene overkill hypothesis, they cite what seems to be a remarkable coincidence between the arrival of prehistoric peoples in North and South America and the time during which mammoths, giant ground sloths, the giant bison, and numerous other large mammals became extinct.
Perhaps the human species was driving others to extinction long before the dawn of history. Hunter-gatherers may have contributed to Pleistocene extinctions in more indirect ways. Besides overhunting, at least three other kinds of effects have been suggested: direct competition, imbalances between competing species of game animals, and early agricultural practices. Direct competition may have brought about the demise of large carnivores such as the saber-toothed cats. These animals simply may have been unable to compete with the increasingly sophisticated hunting skills of Pleistocene people.
Human hunters could have caused imbalances among game animals, leading to the extinctions of species less able to compete. When other predators such as the gray wolf prey upon large mammals, they generally take high proportions of each year's crop of young. Some human hunters, in contrast, tend to take the various age-groups of large animals in proportion to their actual occurrence. If such hunters first competed with the larger predators and then replaced them, they may have allowed more young to survive each year, gradually increasing the populations of favored species. As these populations expanded, they in turn may have competed with other game species for the same environmental niche, forcing the less hunted species into extinction. This theory, suggests that human hunters played an indirect role in Pleistocene extinctions by hunting one species more than another.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) The effects of human activities on prehistoric wildlife
(B) The origins of the hunter-gatherer way of life
(C) The diets of large animals of the Pleistocene epoch
(D) The change in climate at the end of the Pleistocene epoch
2. The word Undoubtedly in line 1 is closest in meaning to
(A) occasionally
(B) unexpectedly
(C) previously
(D) certainly
3. The word components in line 2 is closest in meaning to
(A) parts
(B) problems
(C) changes
(D) varieties
4. Which of the following is mentioned as supporting the Pleistocene overkill hypothesis?
(A) Many of the animals that became extinct were quite large.
(B) Humans migrated into certain regions around the time that major extinctions occurred.
(C) There is evidence that new species were arriving in areas inhabited by humans.
(D) Humans began to keep and care for certain animals.
5. The word Besides in line 14 is closest in meaning to
(A) caused by
(B) whereas
(C) in addition to
(D) in favor of
6. The author mentions saber-toothed cats in line 17 as an example of a carnivore that
(A) became extinct before the Pleistocene epoch
(B) was unusually large for its time
(C) was not able to compete with humans
(D) caused the extinction of several species
7. The word they in line 22 refers to
(A) human hunters
(B) game animals
(C) other predators
(D) large mammals
8. According to the passage , what is one difference between the hunting done by some humans
and the hunting done by gray wolves?
(A) Some humans hunt more frequently than gray wolves.
(B) Gray wolves hunt in larger groups than some humans.
(C) Some humans can hunt larger animals than gray wolves can hunt.
(D) Some humans prey on animals of all ages, but gray wolves concentrate their efforts on young
animals.
9. The word favored in line 26 is closest in meaning to
(A) large
(B) escaping
(C) preferred
(D) local
10. According to the passage , the imbalances discussed in paragraph 3 may have resulted from
(A) the effect of climate changes on large game animals
(B) large animals moving into a new environment
(C) humans hunting some species more than others
(D) older animals not being able to compete with younger animals
PASSAGE 75 ADABC CCDCC
托福阅读真题原题+题目
Under the Earth's topsoil, at various levels, sometimes under a layer of rock, there are deposits of clay. Look at cuts where highways have been built to see exposed clay beds; or look at a construction site, where pockets of clay may be exposed. Rivers also reveal clay along their banks, and erosion on a hillside may make clay easily accessible. What is clay made of? The Earth's surface is basically rock, and it is this rock that gradually decomposes into clay. Rain, streams, alternating freezing and thawing, roots of trees and plants forcing their way into cracks, earthquakes, volcanic action, and glaciers — all of these forces slowly break down the Earth's exposed rocky crust into smaller and smaller pieces that eventually become clay.
Rocks are composed of elements and compounds of elements. Feldspar, which is the most abundant mineral on the Earth's surface, is basically made up of the oxides silica and alumina combined with alkalis like potassium and some so-called impurities such as iron. Feldspar is an essential component of granite rocks, and as such it is the basis of clay. When it is wet, clay can be easily shaped to make a variety of useful objects, which can then be fired to varying degrees of hardness and covered with impermeable decorative coatings of glasslike material called glaze. Just as volcanic action, with its intense heat, fuses the elements in certain rocks into a glasslike rock called obsidian, so can we apply heat to earthen materials and change them into a hard, dense material. Different clays need different heat levels to fuse, and some, the low-fire clays, never become nonporous and watertight like highly fired stoneware. Each clay can stand only a certain amount of heat without losing its shape through sagging or melting. Variations of clay composition and the temperatures at which they are fired account for the differences in texture and appearance between a china teacup and an earthenware flowerpot.
1. The author's main point in paragraph 1 is that clay deposits
(A) conceal layers of rock
(B) can be found in various places
(C) are usually small
(D) must be removed from construction sites
2. It can be inferred from the passage that clay is LEAST likely to be plentiful in which of the following areas?
(A) in desert sand dunes
(B) in forests
(C) on hillsides
(D) near rivers
3. The word accessible in line 4 is closest in meaning to
(A) buried
(B) improved
(C) available
(D) workable
4. According to the passage , rock breaks down into clay under all of the following conditions
EXCEPT when
(A) it is exposed to freezing and thawing
(B) roots of trees force their way into cracks
(C) it is combined with alkalis
(D) natural forces wear away the Earth's crust
5. Why does the author mention feldspar in line 10?
(A) It is often used as a substitute for clay.
(B) It is damaged by the oxides in clay.
(C) Its presence indicates inferior clay.
(D) It is a major component of clay.
6. The word it in line 13 refers to
(A) iron
(B) feldspar
(C) granite
(D) clay
7. Based on the information in the passage , it can be inferred that low-fire clays are MOST
appropriate for making objects that
(A) must be strong
(B) can be porous
(C) have a smooth texture
(D) are highly decorated
8. The phrase account for in line 22 is closest in meaning to
(A) reduce
(B) explain
(C) combine with
(D) list all of
9. The passage supports which of the following conclusions?
(A) Clay deposits are only found deep in the Earth.
(B) If clay contains too much iron it will melt when fired.
(C) Only certain types of clay are appropriate for making china teacups.
(D) If sufficient heat is applied, all clay will become nonporous.
PASSAGE 76 BACCD BBBC
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