托福如何得高分
托福如何得高分?118分并非不可能，今天小编给大家带来托福如何得高分，希望可以帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
托福如何得高分?118分并非不可能
托福阅读备考
很多同学跟我说，新托福的阅读难度好大，很多单词都不认识，句子也看不懂。解决这样的问题，我们应该从最根本入手：词汇和句子结构。新托福考试的阅读部分覆盖面越来越广，题目的topic涉及到很多专业领域，如生物、地理等等;因此，我们也必须认识一些相对专业的词汇，这样可以促进我们对于文章的理解和把握，也对词汇题有巨大的好处。长难句的把握是几乎所有阅读考试的根本问题;针对此项问题，我们需要了解长难句的语法结构，扩大阅读量。推荐参考一些经典教材如《新概念英语》第四册等。
词汇和句子结构的把握提高了，从根本上说是我们的阅读能力在提高。几乎所有托福的高分得主都有很高的阅读能力。然而，这样的进步要想在短期看到效果并不容易;毕竟，阅读能力的提高是一个长期的过程，要建立在一定阅读量的基础上。所以备考托福，其实并不是一日之功，我们可以从很早就开始为提高自己的英语水平做准备，有意识地、主动地扩大自己的阅读量。
当我们的阅读能力达到一个较高的水平时，新托福考试就开始考验我们的另一个能力：考试技巧。考试技巧其实不外乎以下几个方面：迅速把握文章内容、识别题目、针对不同题目进行不同解法，以及快速排除错误选项。即便是高分得主，在潜意识里也完成了这样的过程。我们在备考期间，应该尤其重视在这些方面进行总结。另外需要特别提醒的是，我们在做题中，针对一个题目选出答案的时候，一定要在文章中找到答案的依据，切不可凭印象做题。
有同学会问，到底应该先读文章再做题目还是一上来直接做题目呢?我的个人建议是：两种方法都尝试一下，找到更适合自己的方法。上来直接就做题，可以很快接触题目，做一道是一道，心里踏实;先阅读文章后做题，可以对文章整体有一个大致的把握，开始做题后入手也快。两种方法各有利弊，不过对于后种先读文章的同学，对于阅读深度的把握需要适当，也就是指读文章的精细程度。我的个人建议是，读文章时抓住段落的主旨或主题句，留心重要的支持性论据。这样一来我们也就大致把握文章的内容而且不用精细到每一句话。同时在时间上要控制在五分钟之内，这样好为后面的题目留出时间。
关于备考材料，建议大家按照OG、官方真题Official(TOEFL Practice Online)、其他各种辅导书籍的顺序来做。ETS出的题目永远都是最具有参考价值的。
托福听力备考
正如阅读部分，听力能力的提高也是一个长期的过程。其实除了写作可以短期速成以外，提高英语能力的本身也是一个缓慢的过程。我们可以平时多听英语广播、看英文节目或看原版英文电影。很多小马过河听力老师推荐的“听写”方法，是锻炼听力能力的好办法。在做听写时，我们可以将听写的内容和出题的内容进行比较和总结。这样可以帮助我们识别听力的重要出题点，摸清ETS的出题思路。因为听力考试是在模拟美国课堂和生活的真实场景，所考察的题目也通常是讲座或者对话中重要的信息点。在练听力时，我们应该尤其重视多次重复的内容、谈话者重音强调的内容、谈话者给出的建议、谈话者对某个问题做出解释(暗示问题的重要性)、意思出现转折的地方、重要的人名等。通过不断的总结，我们对于听力内容会更有主动权。虽然真正的听力考试并不是听写，但我们可以对于需要重点注意的地方尽可能多记笔记。有可能的话，把speaker的每一句话记下来(主要是key word)来辅助回忆。
听力是熟能生巧的过程。很多同学最初接触听力感觉困难，有很大的原因是因为对于新托福考试这种听力模式很不适应。因此，考前尽量多做真题和模拟题是非常关键的。最推荐的依然是OG、官方真题Official，另外Barron的听力部分也推荐有能力的同学尝试一下：听力段落非常长，可以考验我们记笔记的能力和耐心。
托福口语备考
口语部分可能是全中国学生新托福考试中最头疼的部分。口语部分的6道小题，分别考查我们表达自己观点和重复别人观点的能力。提高口语能力的最好的途径就是：多练习!如果距离考试还有一定时间，努力去找学校里的外教或者同学聊天吧!多说永远是提高口语水平的方法。
开始备考托福后，目标就不单纯是提高口语能力了，还要尽快地适应考试。托福口语考试的时间非常紧。例如，前两道题只有15秒钟的准备时间和45秒钟的回答时间。怎么样能在45秒内完成漂亮的陈述呢?
首先，按照口语的题目，逐个练习。这里要向大家推荐一个很好用的软件：Cool Edit。练习的时候严格控制时间，把自己说的录下来，从里面找自己说的不好的地方(比如不知道说什么、说的不连贯、发音不好、语调平淡等)。针对不同的问题逐个改进，坚持不断地练下去，过一段时间你会发现：我的口语竟然提高了这么多!这是我个人非常推崇的备考办法。
另外，我们如何知道自己的语音语调是不是标准呢?我们还要听native speaker的样本。大家在网上可以搜到一个叫做《iBT托福口语考试答题方法及范例The ibt TOEFL Master Speaking》的视频文件，里面针对6道不同的题目都给了完美的native speaker的作答，极具参考价值，可以让我们真切地感触到“连贯”。另一个很好的资源是美剧。我们可以模仿经典的《老友记》中人物的发音。
最后，分享一个非常非常有用的小技巧：关于15秒钟应该怎么利用。建议大家拿到口语题目后，立刻构思出回答的要点，然后抓住15秒钟的时间提前练习，组织好自己开头的语言。这样等到真正的45秒钟开始时，我们相当于多了一次“重新说”的机会，有更大的可能性把开头表达得更完善，这个对于后来的叙述是有关键影响的。我们说：Well begin is half done. 试想大家如果开头的话就乱了阵脚，肯定很泄气。这个小办法也绝对适用于全部6道口语题。
关于准备模版的问题：口语的第一、二题考前练习时尽量覆盖全面的话题，尤其是第一题。之后的题目如果准备好了基本的答题模式，也会让我们在说的时候沉着许多。
托福写作备考
对于写作提高最快的方式就是：多练习。切忌光列提纲不练全文写作。当然如果有时间的话，针对OG上给出的大量写作题目列出提纲是很用帮助的。但是一定还要练笔(当然，考过GRE作文或者写作大牛完全可以不做任何准备上考场)。
最开始练习independent writing时，同学们往往会遇到不知如何下手的问题。因此，我们在练习的初期，可以先阅读一些新托福写作的范文、相关书籍;精读里面的文章，注意作者的文章结构和展开方式，同时积累例子和细节。这样，我们对于独立写作的套路就有了基本的了解。另外在关注文章的展开方式时，我们同样可以学习范文里的句式结构和高深的词汇。并不是鼓励大家抄袭，而是真正地掌握较高级的句子结构和较复杂的词汇，这些都会给我们的作文加分。
经过了范文学习的过程，我们就可以开始针对不同话题的文章思考自己的观点，列出提纲，寻找supporting details。这样，在做好了充分的准备后，我们就可以有准备地开始真正的练笔阶段。特别要说明的是，如果同学们没有好的模拟写作小软件，建议使用windows自带的写字板，切忌使用Microsoft Word等具有纠错功能的软件进行模拟写作。在练笔的最初阶段可以不计时间，但熟悉了写作的流程后一定要每次写作都计时，模拟真实的考试环境。
Integrated writing部分是听力和写作的结合，不需要大家发表个人观点，因此考察的是听力能力和复述的能力。在听力前的三分钟要认真阅读题目中的文字，文字中会有3个支持文字观点的论据，听力则会针对这三个观点逐个展开。对于听力部分，同样提醒大家要多做笔记，记住细节，在作文展开中体现出来。因为综合写作的模式比较固定，因此可以提前准备好模版和固定的句式。注意，一篇高分的综合写作一定有变化多样的句式，这个在我们准备模版的时候一定要体现出来。
以上就是小编为大家整理的托福118分考试经验，大家需要注意的是不是所有的高分经验都适合你，但是你可以扬长避短，从中找到适合自己的方法。最后，小编预祝大家托福考试能取得理想的成绩。
托福阅读真题原题+题目
Some animal behaviorists argue that certain animals can remember past events, anticipate future ones, make plans and choices, and coordinate activities within a group. These scientists, however, are cautious about the extent to which animals can be credited with conscious processing.
Explanations of animal behavior that leave out any sort of consciousness at all and ascribe actions entirely to instinct leave many questions unanswered. One example of such unexplained behavior: honeybees communicate the sources of nectar to one another by doing a dance in a figure-eight pattern. The orientation of the dance conveys the position of the food relative to the sun's position in the sky, and the speed of the dance tells how far the food source is from the hive. Most researchers assume that the ability to perform and encode the dance is innate and shows no special intelligence. But in one study, when experimenters kept changing the site of the food source, each time moving the food 25 percent farther from the previous site, foraging honeybees began to anticipate where the food source would appear next. When the researchers arrived at the new location, they would find the bees circling the spot, waiting for their food. No one has yet explained how bees, whose brains weigh four ten-thousandths of an ounce, could have inferred the location of the new site.
Other behaviors that may indicate some cognition include tool use. Many animals, like the otter who uses a stone to crack mussel shells, are capable of using objects in the natural environment as rudimentary tools. One researcher has found that mother chimpanzees occasionally show their young how to use tools to open hard nuts. In one study, chimpanzees compared two pairs of food wells containing chocolate chips. One pair might contain, say, five chips and three chips, the other four chips and three chips. Allowed to choose which pair they wanted, the chimpanzees almost always chose the one with the higher total, showing some sort of summing ability. Other chimpanzees have learned to use numerals to label quantities of items and do simple sums.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) The role of instinct in animal behavior
(B) Observations that suggest consciousness in animal behavior
(C) The use of food in studies of animal behavior
(D) Differences between the behavior of animals in their natural environments and in laboratory
experiments.
2. Which of the following is NOT discussed as an ability animals are thought to have?
(A) Selecting among choices
(B) Anticipating events to come
(C) Remembering past experiences
(D) Communicating emotions
3. What is the purpose of the honeybee dance?
(A) To determine the quantity of food at a site
(B) To communicate the location of food
(C) To increase the speed of travel to food sources
(D) To identify the type of nectar that is available
4. The word yet in line 15 is closest in meaning to
(A) however
(B) since
(C) generally
(D) so far
5. What did researchers discover in the study of honeybees discussed in paragraph 2?
(A) Bees are able to travel at greater speeds than scientists thought.
(B) The bees could travel 25% farther than scientists expected.
(C) The bees were able to determine in advance where scientists would place their food.
(D) Changing the location of food caused bees to decrease their dance activity.
6. It can be inferred from the passage that brain size is assumed to
(A) be an indicator of cognitive ability
(B) vary among individuals within a species
(C) be related to food consumption
(D) correspond to levels of activity
7. Why are otters and mussel shells included in the discussion in paragraph 3?
(A) To provide an example of tool use among animals
(B) To prove that certain species demonstrate greater ability in tool use than other species
(C) To illustrate how otters are using objects as tools
(D) To demonstrate why mother chimpanzees show their young how to use tools
8. The word rudimentary in line 20 is closest in meaning to
(A) superior
(B) original
(C) basic
(D) technical
9. It can be inferred from the statement about mother chimpanzees and their young (lines 20-22)
that young chimpanzees have difficulty
(A) communicating with their mothers
(B) adding quantities
(C) making choices
(D) opening hard nuts
10. The phrase the one in line 24-25 refers to the
(A) study
(B) pair
(C) chimpanzee
(D) ability
11. Scientists concluded from the experiment with chimpanzees and chocolate chips that
chimpanzees
(A) lack abilities that other primates have
(B) prefer to work in pairs or groups
(C) exhibit behavior that indicates certain mathematical abilities
(D) have difficulty selecting when given choices
PASSAGE 79 BDBDC AACDB C
托福阅读真题原题+题目
A survey is a study, generally in the form of an interview or a questionnaire that provides information concerning how people think and act. In the United States, the best-known surveys are the Gallup poll and the Harris poll. As anyone who watches the news during presidential campaigns knows, these polls have become an important part of political life in the United States.
North Americans are familiar with the many person-on-the-street interviews on local television news shows. While such interviews can be highly entertaining, they are not necessarily an accurate indication of public opinion. First, they reflect the opinions of only those people who appear at a certain location. Thus, such samples can be biased in favor of commuters, middle-class shoppers, or factory workers, depending on which area the newspeople select. Second, television interviews tend to attract outgoing people who are willing to appear on the air, while they frighten away others who may feel intimidated by a camera. A survey must be based on a precise, representative sampling if it is to genuinely reflect a broad range of the population.
In preparing to conduct a survey, sociologists must exercise great care in the wording of questions. An effective survey question must be simple and clear enough for people to understand it. It must also be specific enough so that there are no problems in interpreting the results. Even questions that are less structured must be carefully phrased in order to elicit the type of information desired. Surveys can be indispensable sources of information, but only if the sampling is done properly and the questions are worded accurately.
There are two main forms of surveys: the interview and the questionnaire. Each of these forms of survey research has its advantages. An interviewer can obtain a high response rate because people find it more difficult to turn down a personal request for an interview than to throw away a written questionnaire. In addition, an interviewer can go beyond written questions and probe for a subject's underlying feelings and reasons. However, questionnaires have the advantage of being cheaper and more consistent.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) The history of surveys in North America
(B) The principles of conducting surveys
(C) Problems associated with interpreting surveys
(D) The importance of polls in American political life
2. The word they in line 8 refers to
(A) North Americans
(B) news shows
(C) interviews
(D) opinions
3. According to the passage , the main disadvantage of person-on-the-street interviews is that
they
(A) are not based on a representative sampling
(B) are used only on television
(C) are not carefully worded
(D) reflect political opinions
4. The word precise in line 13 is closest in meaning to
(A) planned
(B) rational
(C) required
(D) accurate
5. According to paragraph 3, which of the following is most important for an effective survey?
(A) A high number of respondents
(B) Carefully worded questions
(C) An interviewer's ability to measure respondents' feelings
(D) A sociologist who is able to interpret the results
6. The word exercise in line 15 is closest in meaning to
(A) utilize
(B) consider
(C) design
(D) defend
7. The word elicit in line 19 is closest in meaning to
(A) compose
(B) rule out
(C) predict
(D) bring out
8. It can be inferred from the passage that one reason that sociologists may become frustrated
with questionnaires is that
(A) respondents often do not complete and return questionnaires
(B) questionnaires are often difficult to read
(C) questionnaires are expensive and difficult to distribute
(D) respondents are too eager to supplement questions with their own opinions
9. According to the passage , one advantage of live interviews over questionnaires is that live
interviews
(A) cost less
(B) can produce more information
(C) are easier to interpret
(D) minimize the influence of the researcher
10. The word probe in line 26 is closest in meaning to
(A) explore
(B) influence
(C) analyze
(D) apply
11. Which of the following terms is defined in the passage ?
(A) Survey (line 1)
(B) Public opinion (line 8)
(C) Representative sampling (line 13)
(D) Response rate (line 24)
PASSAGE 80 BCADB ADABA A
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