托福阅读高效备考细节
托福阅读备考不仅需要通过大量练习来巩固解题技巧积累应对经验，在一些做题和训练的细节上大家也需要多加注意。今天小编给大家带来了托福阅读备考这3个高效细节 ,希望能够帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
托福阅读备考这3个高效细节你都知道吗?
托福阅读高效备考细节：从词汇角度分析
与四六级英语考试和托福考试比较，托福考试对于词汇的要求是大大的提升了的。而且其中也是包含了大量的专业词汇。在托福阅读的练习中能明显的感受到这一问题，但是有的考生同样会在考前急攻一些生僻词汇以备应考。其实，针对文章里的生词而言，有时根本是不需要大家见一个背一个，依然是要按照上下文的内容和关系，运用逻辑推理的方法做出一些推断的。
托福阅读高效备考细节：养成良好阅读习惯
当大家练习托福阅读过程里，一字一句的进行阅读，就是一个不必要的弯路了，这样的阅读方法是不可行的。重点是要学会速读，但是在此速读并非只是粗粗的明白文章大意。其为的是寻找到和题目相关的段落或者语句，并且在阅读时考生们另外还要找到关键字，分段总结大意，这样才能更有效的提升阅读效率。
托福阅读高效备考细节：学会审题
其实，当大家备考了一段时间后，你就会发现多数文章都是可以在文章标题中找到关键点的。但是只有把如此的关键点当成阅读全文指引，才能带来最大的收益。作为托福阅读的一种技巧，必须在清晰明了的审题后，再进入阅读。如果是为了形式化的“审题”，那对于全文阅读的效率依然是没有任何帮助的。
托福阅读背景之“外星人解密文件”
The CIA has released thousands of declassified documents on flying saucers, aliens and other unexplained phenomena.
美国中央情报局(CIA)日前公布了数千份有关飞碟、外星人及其他未解之谜的解密文件。
'We've decided to highlight a few documents both skeptics and believers will find interesting,' the agency said on its website.
中央情报局在官网上发表声明说：‘我们决定公开几份文件，它们将会引起怀疑者和信奉者的兴趣。’
The post continued: 'Below you will find five documents we think X-Files character Agent Fox Mulder would love to use to try and persuade others of the existence of extraterrestrial activity.'
声明称：“我们相信，接下来的五份文件会连《X档案》中的特别探员穆德也想要加以利用，试图说服他人外星活动真实存在。”
All of the documents are dated from the late 1940s to the 1960s, but were top-secret until now.
这些文件可追溯到20世纪40年代末到60年代，在此之前它们一直都是绝密文件。
One of the files attached to the post is a document from East Germany in 1952, where agents were called to investigate what witnesses described as a 'huge flying pan'.
在公布的文件中，有一份来自1952年的东德，文件记录了特工人员对目击者描述的“巨型飞盘”的调查。
The object was said to have a diameter of about 15 meters, according to the document.
据这份文件记载，该物体直径约为15米。
Similar flying saucers were also spotted in North Africa and Spain, the report said.
报告称，在北非和西班牙也发现了类似的飞碟。
'The picture [of the object] shows a diagonal stripe of diminishing width and lighter in shade than the sky over the dark bulk of a building cornice,' it was noted.
文件还记载道：“从照片来看，该物体表面呈宽度递减的斜条纹，它比飞檐上方的天空颜色更浅。”
Included with some of the documents were three pictures of the alleged extraterrestrials.
在部分文件中还附有所谓的外星生物的三张照片。
One of the photos - taken by British student Alex Birch in 1962 - claimed to show a group of flying saucers flying over the city of Sheffield in the UK.
其中一张照片是由英国学生亚历克斯·伯奇于1962年拍摄。这张照片展示了一群飞碟飞过英国谢菲尔德市的上空。
However the photo was proven to be a hoax.
然而，这张照片后来被证实是一场骗局。
The files also detail a case of flying saucers that were spotted over what was formerly Belgian Congo.
这些档案还对在比属刚果(刚果旧称)发现的飞碟事件进行了详细的记载。
The document reveals that two 'fiery discs' were seen over a uranium mine, and that the discs had 'glided curves and changed position many times'.
据文件披露，在铀矿上空发现了两个“火盘”，它们沿曲线轨迹滑翔，并多次变换位置。
It then adds: 'Suddenly, both discs hovered in one spot and then took off in a unique zigzag flight to the north east.
文件中写道：“突然，两个飞碟在一个地方盘旋，随即又沿独特的之字形轨迹向东北方飞去。
'A penetrating hissing and buzzing sound was audible to onlooker below. The whole performance lasted 10 to 12 minutes.'
“目击者听到一阵尖利的嘶嘶声和嗡嗡声。飞碟从出现到消失持续了10到12分钟。”
An aircraft was then set to investigate the object, and got with meters of the saucer and according to the pilot, the inner core of it remained totally still while the a knob opening could be seen from the outside.
一架飞机随后被派来侦查该物体，并飞到距飞碟几米远处。据飞行员说，飞碟内核区完全静止不动，从外部可以看到一个球形突出物。
The pilot then gave up his pursuit when the 'disc' appeared to disappear.
当“飞碟”消失后，飞行员也停止了他的追踪。
Also contained in the files is the case in Socorro, New Mexico in 1964, when police officer Lonnie Zamoraspotted a large flame rise from the ground and pierce the sky above a remote patch of desert.
这些档案中也包含了1964年发生在新墨西哥州索科罗的案例。当时警察朗尼·萨莫拉发现沙漠远处一团巨大火焰腾空而起，划破天空。
He went to investigate and found a shiny object the size of a sedan perched on the hilltop, which was oval in shape and aluminium in color.
他走过去想一探究竟，发现在山顶处有一个轿车大小的发光物体，椭圆状，呈金属铝的颜色。
The object then began to rise into the air and then sped away from him over the mountains and disappeared.
随即，该物体开始升上天，快速越过山头，然后从他眼前消失了。
The release of the documents coincide with the long-awaited return of The X-Files on Sunday.
这些文件的公开恰逢影迷期待已久的《X档案》在周日回归。
The beloved show was rebooted by the Fox Network after 10 years, with its two original stars reprising their roles.
这场深得观众喜爱的科幻剧时隔十年之后，由福克斯电视网续拍。原来的两大主演也将回归。
Vocabulary
reboot: 重新启动
reprise: 重演
托福阅读背景之外星人来地球度假
Government officials believe aliens may visit Earth and suggest harnessing UFO technology for UK defences, files say.
Documents from the Ministry of Defence classified archives show staff believed aliens could visit for “military reconnaissance”, “scientific” research or “tourism”.
In a 1995 briefing now published by the National Archives, a desk officer said the purpose of reported alien craft sightings “needs to be established as a matter of priority”, adding there did not appear to be “hostile intent”.
The unnamed official said it was “essential that we start with open minds”, explaining “what is scientific ‘fact’ today may not be true tomorrow”.
Clarifying he did not “talk to little green men every night”, he said: “We have a remit that we have never satisfied. That is, we do not now (sic) if UFOs exist.
“If they do exist, we do not know what they are, their purpose or if they pose a threat to the UK.
“If the sightings are of devices not of the earth then their purpose needs to be established as a matter of priority. There has been no apparent hostile intent and other possibilities are: 1) Military reconnaissance; 2) Scientific; 3) Tourism.”
He added that “if reports are taken at face value” they showed extraterrestrial vehicles had “a very wide range of speeds and are stealthy”.
Thus, he suggested, “we could use this technology, if it exists”.
His briefing document lists possible reasons for UFO sightings, including mass hallucinations, US aircraft, “atmospheric events” and hoaxes, but indicated none provide a fully convincing explanation.
It adds there are “some indications that the reported incidents are only the tip of an iceberg and many people do not wish to risk embarrassment and so do not report sightings”.
He also noted that the number of reports of “strange objects in the skies” increased dramatically after the Second World War, with most sightings coming from “farmers, policemen, doctors and lovers”.
在英政府公布的一批有关UFO的机密文档中，英政府官员称外星人可能造访地球，并提议利用外星人高超的飞行器技术为英国国防服务。
国防部机密档案的文件显示，有官员认为外星人造访地球可能是为了进行军事侦察，科学研究，或者度假观光。
在国家档案馆公布的一份1995年的简报中，一名事务员称应首先确认报告中的外星人乘飞行器到地球的目的，并称他们看起来并无“敌意”。
这位匿名官员还说：“重要的是，我们要有开放的思想，”并解释道“今天的科学‘事实’，到了明天可能并不正确。”
他澄清他从未“夜夜与小绿人谈话。”他说：“有一项工作我们一直没能实现。那就是，我们不知道UFO是否存在。”
“如果他们确实存在，我们也并不知道他们是什么物种，有什么目的，或是否会对英国造成威胁。”
“如果这些目击事件所观测到的装置不是地球上的，那么应首先确认这些外来者的目的。目前并未发现他们有明显的敌意，其他的可能目的有：1)军事侦察;2)科学研究;3)度假观光。”
他还说“若从表面上来看报告的内容”，外星人使用的交通工具速度奇快，而且应该具有隐形功能。
因此，他提议：“如果这种交通工具存在，我们可以利用它的技术。”
他在简报文件中列出了出现UFO目击事件的几种可能，其中包括集体幻觉，可能看到的是美国飞行器，可能是某种大气现象，甚至可能是恶作剧，但都没有做出能够完全令人信服的解释。
报告中还“暗示报告上来的UFO目击事件只是冰山一角，因为怕尴尬等原因，许多人并没有对政府报告自己的‘发现’。”
他还指出，在二战之后，报告“天空中出现奇异物体”的事件出现了迅猛增长，大部分报告者为“农民、警察、医生以及情侣”。
托福阅读背景之“俄政客自称遇见外星人”
A Russian MP has asked an eccentric regional leader to explain his behaviour after claiming on state television that he was visited at home by aliens in a UFO, media reported Thursday.
Kirsan Ilyumzhinov, head of the Buddhist Kalmykia region of southern Russia and president of the World Chess Federation (FIDE), announced without apparent irony on a high-profile chat show he had met the aliens in 1997.
In an equally bizarre twist, Andrei Lebedev, an MP for the nationalist Liberal Democratic Party, has now written to President Dmitry Medvedev raising fears that secret information could have been disclosed in the close encounter.
"I ask you to say if the head of Kalmykia has made an official report to the Russian presidency about his contacts with representatives of an alien civilisation," he said, quoted by tabloid Komsomolskaya Pravda and other media.
"Is there an established procedure of informing about such contacts by high ranking people who have access to secret information like Ilyumzhinov?
"And did he in the course of his seemingly innocent conversation disclose secret information?"
Ilyumzhinov had said in his comments, broadcast in late April, that the aliens appeared in a transparent tube on the balcony of his apartment in Moscow.
"I was reading my book, watching television and had almost fallen asleep. Then I felt that someone was calling.
"I would not have believed it, if I had not had three witnesses -- my driver, my minister and my aide," he said.
This is not the first time the chess-mad leader has spoken of extraterrestrial encounters. He had earlier claimed to have been shown round a UFO in 2001
据媒体本周四报道，俄罗斯一名地区领导人日前在接受当地一个电视台的采访时语出惊人，宣称自己曾在家中遇见搭乘不明飞行物的外星人。一名杜马议员要求他对他的这一行为做出解释。
俄罗斯南部信奉佛教的卡尔梅克共和国领袖、国际象棋协会主席基尔桑·伊柳姆日诺夫日前在一档高端人物谈话节目中严肃宣称，他曾在1997年见过外星人。
同样不可思议的是，俄罗斯民族主义政党自由民主党成员、国家杜马议员安德烈•莱比德夫竟致信总统德米特里•梅德韦杰夫，称外星人可能在与伊柳姆日诺夫“亲密接触”时窃取了俄罗斯国家机密。
俄罗斯小报《共青团真理报》和其它媒体援引莱比德夫的话说：“我想知道这位卡尔梅克共和国领导人是否已向俄罗斯总统正式汇报了与外星人接触一事。”
“像伊柳姆日诺夫这样有机会接触到国家机密的高级官员，是否有一个既定的程序来汇报此类事件?”
“在他与外星人貌似很普通的交谈中是否泄露了国家机密?”
伊柳姆日诺夫在上月末的一档电视节目中称，他曾看到外星人搭乘一艘透明的太空船降落在他位于莫斯科公寓的阳台上。
“当时我正一边看书一边看电视，几乎快要睡着，突然觉得有人在叫我。”
他说：“要不是有司机、政府部长和助理三个目击证人，我自己都不敢相信。”
这位国际象棋界领导人已经不是第一次宣称自己遇见外星人。他曾称自己在2001年参观过一个不明飞行物。
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★ 英语单词