刘畅词汇笔记(5)Part4

若水221147 分享 时间:
区分insist和persist,都是坚持,有什么差异?
insist=in + sist,“坚持做一件事”,搭配insist on
persist=per (through)+ sist,“坚持反复做同一件事”,搭配persist in
(比如说,我今天一定要杀人,用insist,表示杀不了人,我自杀,但如果用persist,就很恐怖了,表示我日日杀月月杀,不停地在杀人。)
例:As a college student, we should persist in doing physical exercises in order to keep a healthy body.作为一个大学生,我们要天天做运动才能保持一个好的身体。The boy insisted on taking the case for the girl.那个男孩一定要给那个女孩提行李。
consist=con(together)+sist一大堆东西站到一起,“包含”
例:我们班有100名同学,可以表达为
Our class is composed of 100 students.
Our class is made up of 100 students.
Our class consists of 100 students.
compose of和made up of表示“包含”意时要用被动,而consist of用主动。
那么这个句子能用include吗?一定是不可以的。现在看看include=in + clud(shut)+ e举个例子,一个厂里一共有4千名职工,厂长有一天宣布只要是50岁以上的人通通裁员,这叫做“一刀切”,所以一切为二,立刻把4千人的切成了两部分,比如50岁以上有1千人,那么有3/4的人被include进来了。因此include的含义是“整体包含某些部分”。例:The conference delegates included representatives from abroad.会议的代表包含一些海归人士。
conclude=con(fully)+ clud(shut)+ e完全的关闭,不要再谈了,“下结论”。例:He concluded his lecture with a funny story.他以一个有趣的故事结束了讲座。其形容词conclusive,conclusive proof确凿的证据。其名词conclusion,例:With the arguments above, we can safely come to the conclusion that ...根据以上论述,我们可以得到以下结论……
exclude=ex(out)+ clud + e与eliminate=e(out)+ limin(limit)+ e有什么区别呢?
比如我们在上词汇课的时候,有人在外面“啪啪啪”在拍门,叫“让我进去,我要听词汇课!”,但是门关得紧紧的,这个人根本没有办法走进来。exclude
这个人呢,已经走进了这个班,但是由于这个人上窜下跳,像个疯子,而且呢,我们班本来就挤,有限制,所以大家就把他“嗖”扔出去了。eliminate
例:He was excluded from the tennis match. 他没能参加网球比赛。He was eliminated from the tennis match from the first round.他在网球比赛第一轮就被淘汰了。
exclusive“排外的,专用的”,如exclusive interview独家采访,be exclusive to sb.对某人专用的,例:The bathroom is exclusive to the president.这是总统专用厕所。
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